The konnai story

In 2013, when we were new to Athimanjeri, there was no garbage dump here. I didn't really see a need for one as there was not much garbage. But in the following few years, this changed rapidly. We now have two 100 ton garbage pits that fill up in no time. This put me in touch with the stark reality -- just a handful of us making eco-friendly choices is not going to make a dent in the garbage produced.

When Corona was at its peak in 2020, I realized that this presented a unique chance for introducing cloth pads (an eco-friendly alternative to disposable sanitary napkins) in our village and town. I started making cloth pads with a small group adolescent boys and girls. My idea was to provide job opportunity locally and grow a few socially-responsible individuals who can carry this venture forward.

I wanted to keep the price low, to make it affordable for the people here. I priced them at ₹ 100, per pad. Armed with a bunch of our cloth pads, I started a campaign, in our town and nearby villages, about the financial and ecological implications of using disposable napkins. Whenever I had a captive audience I handed out free samples. Over the course of next eight months, I gained the following understanding about the lives of rural women and the various factors that are at play here:

• Cheap disposable pads are really cheap (₹ 5, per pad). Because of this highly subsidized rate, in many cases it makes very little economic sense to not use disposables.
  
• Women spend  ₹ 50 - ₹ 150 per month on disposable napkins
• Many of them don't change their pads since every pad costs money. They use their pads for 8 - 12 hours!
• Young girls, women in their 20's and 30's do not want to wash cloth pads. 
• Older women (40 and above) still use cloth
• Often a poor, semi-urban family shares their bathroom/toilet with other families. Soaking and washing cloth pads is not practical here. 
• Government schools in Tamilnadu offer free disposable pads for girls from 9th grade onwards. Their families are not spending on pads. The staff at these schools siphon a part of these pads to their homes. Thus their relatives also get free pads. 
• Government schools in Andhra Pradesh offer free pads for older girls. The girls toilets are equipped with incinerators. So these schools don't see how this can be an environmental pollutant.
• Women often develop allergies by using disposable pads, but they don't talk about that.
• Most women burn the used pads, only some bury them.
• Up to 10% of the women, between ages 25 and 35, have had their uterus removed for mysterious reasons.
  
• Interestingly, caste and class played a role in how menstruation could be talked about. The upper the caste or class was, the males in the family were not involved in the discussion.

A very small percentage of women were eager to try the cloth pads. Satisfied with our pads, they started spreading the word around slowly. This local market was clearly not enough if this venture had to provide a sustainable livelihood for the makers of these pads. There was a need to go beyond the tiny radius that we were operating in. Thus konnai was born in mid-2021, with the help and support of many of our friends. It is now a rural employment initiative providing a source of income to a small group of youth and women.

konnai's vision is to enable people make better choices for a better tomorrow. This includes providing high quality eco-friendly reusable products at reasonable prices; providing a healthy work culture for the makers where they and their families can thrive.

 

Other than cloth pads, we also make cloth bags, cloth diapers, changing pads, baby wipes and bibs. konnai is now online. We can receive online orders and receive payments through GooglePay. Please spread the word about konnai. Thank you!

 

 

-- Hema

Where Is "Away"?

Till I was fourteen, we didn't have a dustbin/trashcan at home. There were none at any of neighbours' places, none at school and none at any public place. Not because we were all poor and not able to afford them. It was because our lifestyles then didn't need any. We of course did produce "waste", but most of it was bio-degradable -- kitchen waste, house sweepings, paper wrappers, worn-out clothes etc. These were tossed out into the yard without much thought. And they all became a part of the soil life around us. All of the monthly grocery came wrapped in newspaper from the neighbourhood store.  Snacks were all home made. Grains were processed at home. We carried our bags when we went to shop. There was also occasional non-biodegradable waste such as light bulbs, medicine bottles, aluminum foil from the pill strips. This was also tossed out; there was so little of this waste that it didn't matter.

This was the case until 1988, not that long ago. But when I reminisce about these plastic-free days and talk about to it young people, they find it absolutely unbelievable. When plastic entered our everyday lives, garbage started getting generated. I saw people who were living zero-waste lives switch over to use-and-throw lifestyle without even noticing the change that had come about in their lives. Now pretty much everyone, in every corner of the world, throws away the garbage that they produce. But, where is this "away"?

Irrespective of where we live, there must be at least one dump yard close to us. The size of these dump yards (or landfills) are growing in most places that can't afford incinerators. Burning garbage is not anyway a great solution, because of the greenhouse gases that are emitted. When we moved to Athimanjeri in 2013 there was no dump yard here. Now we have a whopping 10000 cubic feet of garbage that is being constantly burnt. This dump yard used to be agricultural land; it was also providing food and shelter to animals; it has now been rendered utterly useless, dead and toxic. Now consider this happening at a much larger scale in populous cities. For example, there is a garbage mountain looming in the outskirts of Delhi in Ghazipur. This will soon be taller than the Taj Mahal, which is also man-made.

Ghazipur dump on the left and the Taj on the right
Courtesy: The Guardian

What about garbage that floats away or gets dumped into the oceans? Well, there is indeed a massive floating garbage called "The Great Pacific Garbage Patch". It covers an approximate surface area of 1.6 million square kilometers – an area three times the size of France!!  Here is a recent video of this.

A 2012 report states that this patch has increased 100-fold since 1970's. And since 2012 it has doubled.  We don't really need experts to give us data regarding garbage. All we need to do is look keenly around us; at all the options that have come up as norms (like plastic water bottles, plastic bags). The garbage we produce will be here for ages to come. The bitter truth is that we have enjoyed a relatively-decent planet and are leaving behind a trashy planet for our children. 

Now, please pause to let this truth sink in. There is a desperate need for us to empathize with the future generations. 

There is no "away". 

-- Hema

A Decade Into Homeschooling

I wrote this piece recently for the Teachers Plus magazine.: 

"Our home is the best place on earth. I LOVE being at home. Why can't I be at home most of the times and go to school rarely?" This came from my child when he was 7 years old. Although I didn't want to ponder over his question then, it haunted me. A year later I decided to take a deep look at his question and address his unhappiness in going to school. That led to a cascade of events leading to where we are now. We are thankful for the support we received from fellow homeschoolers and the insights from authors like John Holt, Alfie Kohn and Gabor Mate.

Fast forwarding ten years. My husband Dev and I live on our farm near Tiruttani/Chittoor with our kids Abhi(17) and Aparna(14). Aparna never went to school. Abhi has been home since he was eight. The decision to homeschool liberated us. We realized that could live literally anywhere we wanted to. We were not limited by the necessity to continue a way of life, just for the sake of conformance. The decision to homeschool dramatically brought down the everyday stress level at home. As a direct consequence the quality of our life got better. This enabled us to pause and question our priorities in life. This in turn enabled Dev to quit his corporate job; soon after that we moved back  to India (from the US).  

For the past seven years we have been living in rural South India. Looking back, the challenges presented by this period have inevitably resulted in learning new skills. It is important to mention here that we didn't embark on this path with this agenda in mind. Here I would like to present a few snap-shots from our homeschooling experiences.

Since we have snakes in our area, it was highly imperative to be able to identify them correctly and swiftly. This need fueled by their interest, the kids got adept at identifying, catching and rescuing (non-venomous) snakes. During this feverish phase they made toys, tools and games that would help them with snake identification and snake catching. Life was all about and only about snakes. We even cared for a Checkered Keelback at home for three weeks to observe it in close quarters. In our neighbourhood they are now known as the local snake catchers. 

Similarly, the lack of restaurants and a strong desire to enjoy baked goods got Aparna interested in baking. She now bakes wholesome bread, cake and pizza. She experiments with local/seasonal fruit and vegetable in her recipes. 

Two years ago Abhi wanted to eat the fruit of our palm trees. But people that climb palm trees are not easy to find anymore, even in villages. Thus his desire drove him to learn to climb palm and coconut trees. This process lasted for about two years - to acquire enough physical strength and skills, to get over his fear of heights, to collect and use the tools needed for the harvest. This summer both Abhi and Aparna were able to climb and harvest palm fruit and tender coconuts. Abhi wanted to document this process and that became a valuable film-making experience that involved script writing, editing and post-production software work. His work is available on his youtube channel "dancing dodonaea studios".

For several months, after moving in to our new house at the farm, we were looking for a carpenter to build a chest of drawers for our farm tools. We could find absolutely no one to work on such an unconventional project. As Dev started designing the storage space, Aparna got interested in building it. She already had basic wood working skills since she had built some furniture. These skills were developed and honed for many years -- starting from working on cardboard projects (miniature models), moving on to simple utility (wood) projects with no joinery and then taking up joinery work. She is currently into relief carving (carving done on a flat panel of wood). All these were born out of interest and/or necessity. 

We have always been a multi-lingual family - my native tongue is Tamil, Dev's is Hindi. We live in a place where Telugu is spoken by half the population. Although they speak all these languages, the kids never focused on the writing aspect of Indian languages. Out of the blue Abhi recently realized the need to be fluent in the Tamil script. As he was watching a Permaculture documentary in English, he had an urge to make it available for the non-English speaking, local Tamil farmers. So he started writing the subtitles for that documentary in Tamil, of course with Google translator on his side. In just a few weeks he became a Tamil literate! 

Dev and I consider the education of our children as a piece in the jig-saw puzzle of our life - no more or less important than the other pieces. After moving to India, we bought a piece of land and got into farming without any prior experience. It has taken us all these 7+ to learn about the local ecology, soil and organic methods to a reasonable extent to be able to grow some food. Similarly every aspect (off-grid, composting toilet, adobe bricks, traditional tiled roof, natural finishes) of our house construction took us long to research, learn and execute. As a consequence of this, we as a family now have many construction related skills - masonry (brick and stone), carpentry, plumbing, laying tiled floor and grouting, mud plastering and finishing. It is important to emphasize here that all these started from humble beginnings. 

One common thread that I have observed in all these learning journeys is the sustained interest that is needed to learn any skill deeply. Sustained interest can come ONLY from within. It can't be force-fed. Sustained interest, I have seen, comes out of a burning desire or an absolute need of the hour or the pleasure we derive by doing something (like music). Sustaining an interest is possible only if we enjoy the process, not if we wait impatiently for the end-product. Working with hands and working on our own helps us understand this. 

During all these years of being with children, I have observed that they go through periods of no activity -- when they are not visibly engaged in anything. These periods of non-activity, I think, are as crucial as their growth spurts. During these periods they question life around them, assimilate something they came across recently, heal themselves, dive deep into themselves etc. I have learned to cherish these periods and not disturb them while they are there.

To us homeschooling has been about:

-- mindful parenting, to the extent possible

-- growing organic food and working together as a family

-- being close to nature, getting in tune with its cycles and taking care of other life forms (plants, trees, animals)

-- allowing everyone to take up things that interests them deeply and nurturing the development of those skills

-- maintaining an environment where mistakes are considered a part of the process

-- building resilience that the kids need to survive during difficult times in this era of climate change

-- having enough time to ponder over questions that come up and to develop an understanding about one's own self

-- trusting our ability to solve problems (technical, medical, emotional) and not resort to professional help right away

-- personal care -- cooking, washing clothes, cleaning, making clothes, hair cutting 

-- management and self-regulation of one's time

In our lives, saying "no" to mainstream has ended up as saying "yes" to various other possibilities, which have made life more fun. There certainly have been difficult and challenging times since we changed the course of our lives. But then, there were similar phases earlier too! In a certain sense, we have chosen the current set of challenges and that wasn't the case before.

-- Hema